The bill, which repeals the European Communities Act 1972, was debated over two days and its passage marks a significant step towards the UK’s exit from the European Union. It will now move to committee stage in the coming weeks.

Critics of the bill have warned that it will give UK government ministers too much power to amend laws without parliamentary scrutiny.

Steve Baker, the UK government’s minister for exiting the EU, said the House of Commons, in backing the bill, was “giving its support to an orderly exit and helping to provide certainty to businesses, organisations and individuals up and down the country”.

Mr Baker added: “We have had two days of informed and vibrant debate and as the Bill proceeds through Parliament we will look with the utmost seriousness at the amendments that are tabled.

“It is essential that we work together to deliver a Bill that ensures a functioning legal system outside the EU.”

Keir Starmer, shadow secretary of state for exiting the EU, said: “This bill is an affront to parliamentary democracy and a naked power grab by government ministers. It leaves rights unprotected, it silences Parliament on key decisions and undermines the devolution settlement.

“It will make the Brexit process more uncertain, and lead to division and chaos when we need unity and clarity.

“Labour will seek to amend and remove the worst aspects from the bill as it passes through Parliament. But the flaws are so fundamental it’s hard to see how this Bill could ever be made fit for purpose.”